INTRODUCTION TO THE CELL
SQUAMOUS CELLS

Workbook/worksheet Exams
1. Exfoliated Cheek (Squamous) Cells with Microscopic Observation Lab Activity
2. Stratified Squamous Epithelium with Microscopic Observation Lab Activity

Workbook Video and Exam
1.  Squamous Cells
This workbook video (no audio) is a quick review of the two laboratory activities, (1) - the Microscopic Observation of the Esophageal Mucosa (with stratified squamous epithelium) and the (2) Observation of Exfoliated Squamous Cells from the oral mucosa (exfoliated stratified squamous epithelium).  Test your knowledge by completing the interactive exam.

ADDITIONAL LINKS - VIDEOS
1. Stratified Squamous Epithelium (from esophagus)
This link is to Shotgun Histology - the Best of YouTube: posted by WashingtonDeceit.  This video is an excellent overview of the histology of the esophagus.  You should pay special attention to the discussion of the stratified squamous epithelium.
2. Virtual Microscope:  Stratified Squamous Epithelium (from esophagus)
Better than having your own high quality microscope, this link is to the University of Michigan Medical School's Medical Histology and Virtual Microscope Learning Resources allows the observation of a variety of high quality tissue specimens.  The insert at the top right shows your view-location with respect to the specimen. Click on the "+" to enlarge the image.
    The stratified squamous epithelium is located at the bottom of the image. What is the function of this epithelium?  Identify and know the functions of the basal and surface (apical) regions of the epithelium.  What does stratified mean?  How many strata would you guess are found in this tissue?

ADDITIONAL LINKS - VIDEOS
1. Adipose Tissue
This link is to Shotgun Histology - the Best of YouTube: posted by WashingtonDeceit.  This video is an excellent overview of adipose tissue.  You should pay special attention to the structure of the adipocytes.
2. Virtual Microscope:  Adipose Tissue (from mesentery)
Better than having your own high quality microscope, this link is to the University of Michigan Medical School's Medical Histology and Virtual Microscope Learning Resources allows the observation of a variety of high quality tissue specimens.  The insert at the top right shows your view-location with respect to the specimen. Click on the "+" to enlarge the image.
    Adipose tissue is located throughout this specimen. What functions would adipose tissue have in the mesentery, the folds of peritoneum that connects intestines to dorsal abdominal wall?  Identify the plasma membranes, cytoplasm, lipid droplets, and nuclei.

Workbook Videos and Exams
1.  Blood Cells - Overview of Formed Elements: Erythrocytes (RBCs), Leukocytes (WBCs), and Platelets.
This workbook video (no audio) is a quick review of the laboratory activity - The Microscopic Observation of a Blood Smear (Wright's stain).  Test your knowledge by completing the interactive exam.
2.  Fresh Blood
This supplemental workbook video (no audio) is the observation of Fresh Blood. This preparation uses an isotonic blood dilution with an anticoagulant and follows "Universal Body Fluid Precautions."   Test your knowledge by completing the interactive exam.

ADDITIONAL LINKS - VIDEOS
1. Observation of Blood Smear (Peripheral Blood with Wright's Stain) 
Best of YouTube: posted by WashingtonDeceit.  This video is an excellent review of the formed elements of a Blood Smear (Wright's stain).
2. Virtual Microscope:  Blood Smear
Better than having your own high quality microscope, this link is to the University of Michigan Medical School's Medical Histology and Virtual Microscope Learning Resources allows the observation of a variety of high quality tissue specimens.  The insert at the top right shows your view-location with respect to the specimen. Click on the "+" to enlarge the image.
     This blood smear is stained with a "differential stain."  The white blood cells (or leukocytes) will have a "blue" stained nucleus. There are five major types of white blood cells (WBCs).  Scan the slide and identify several different WBCs. The red blood cells (erythrocytes) will not have a dominate stain.  Notice the central "clear area" of a typical red blood cell (RBC) which is formed as a result of the loss of the nucleus during development in the bone marrow.

Additional Links - Videos
1. Sperm
This workbook video (no audio) is a quick review of the laboratory activity - The Microscopic Observation of  Sperm (human) Preparation.  Test your knowledge by completing the interactive exam.
2. Sperm under the Microscope at 400x
(Best of YouTube: Microscopic View of Living Sperm)

Workbook VideoS & ExamS
1. Ciliated Columnar Cells
This workbook video (no audio) is a quick review of the laboratory activity - The Microscopic Observation of  Columnar Ciliated Cells (Trachea).  Test your knowledge by completing the interactive exam.
2. Cilia (Clam)
This supplemental workbook video (no audio) is the observation of beating cilia found lining the gills of a clam.  Test your knowledge by completing the interactive exam.

ADDITIONAL LINKS - VIDEOS
1. Observation of Trachea for Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
Best of YouTube: posted by WashingtonDeceit.  This video is an excellent review of the structure of the trachea. Pay special attention to the description of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
2. Virtual Microscope:  Trachea (and esophagus)
Better than having your own high quality microscope, this link is to the University of Michigan Medical School's Medical Histology and Virtual Microscope Learning Resources allows the observation of a variety of high quality tissue specimens.  The insert at the top right shows your view-location with respect to the specimen. Click on the "+" to enlarge the image.
    Observe the trachea, which is located at the top of the image (the esophagus is located at the lower portion of the image, notice the stratified squamous epithelium).  Observe the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of the tracheal mucosa. What functions would pseudostratified epithelium have in the trachea?   Identify the columnar cells, cilia, and goblet cells.

Workbook Video & Exam
1. Smooth Muscle
This workbook video (no audio) is a quick review of the laboratory activity - The Microscopic Observation of  Smooth Muscle (from small intestine).  Test your knowledge by completing the interactive exam.

ADDITIONAL LINKS - VIDEOS
1. Observation of Small Intestine for Smooth Muscle
Best of YouTube: posted by WashingtonDeceit.  This video is an excellent review of the structure of the small intestine (the distal region called the ileum). Notice that the cells of the epithelium are columnar cells but aren't ciliated. Are goblet cells present? Which layer of smooth muscle, the circular or longitudinal, is located more superficially?  Why are two layers of muscle, each located in different planes, needed in the small intestine?
2. Virtual Microscope:  Small Intestine
Better than having your own high quality microscope, this link is to the University of Michigan Medical School's Medical Histology and Virtual Microscope Learning Resources allows the observation of a variety of high quality tissue specimens.  The insert at the top right shows your view-location with respect to the specimen. Click on the "+" to enlarge the image.
    This horizontal (cross-section) of the small intestine is a excellent presentation that shows the two layers of smooth muscle used to propel (peristalsis) and mix (segmentation) intestinal contents. The inner circular layer shows the cells in their longitudinal plane (the cells are presented in their long axis).  Observe that the cells are spindle shaped (long and tapered on each end - sort of like a pencil sharpened on each end).  The outer longitudinal layer shows the cells in their horizontal (transverse) plane.  The horizontal section shows each cell cut across its long axis - sort of like viewing the end of a new pencil that has not been sharpened.

workbook Terminology Exam
1. Introduction to the Cell
Click on each term for a link to www.thefreedictionary.com for additional information, which in some cases includes pronunciation.

workbook Terminology Exam
1. Plasma Membrane
Click on each term for a link to www.thefreedictionary.com for additional information, which in some cases includes pronunciation.

ADDITIONAL LINK - ANIMATION
1. Animation of Structure of the Plasma Membrane (Best of YouTube)

workbook Terminology Exam
1. Organelles and Inclusions
Click on each term for a link to www.thefreedictionary.com for additional information, which in some cases includes pronunciation.