Chapter 4: cytology
THE CELL
introduction
Workbook/worksheet
Exams
1. Introduction
2. Cell Overview - Observations with Lab Activities
ADDITIONAL LINKS - VIDEOS
1. Cell Biology
Introductory
video to Cell Biology by Phoenix Learning Group, Coronet Instructional Media.
Posted info: "With amazing tools that peer deep into cells, cell biologists are
beginning to understand the structure, function and history of these highly
organized, complex, chemical factories that are the building blocks of life.
Voyage into the microscopic world of prokaryotic, eukaryotic cells,
chloroplasts, and mitochondria. 17 minutes, color. There is an additional link
for the purchase of the video."
2. The Cell
How the Body Works: The Cell posted on YouTube. Video describes the
structure and function of the major organelles of the cell. Utilizes some actual
photographs of cells and a "typical cell" drawing.
3. The Inner Life of the Cell
The Inner Life of the Cell
was produced by BioVisions at Harvard University. Check out their website http://multimedia.mcb.harvard.edu/ and don't forget to watch their posted ABC News broadcast.) You might find a narrated version if you search "You Tube."
INTRODUCTION TO THE CELL
SQUAMOUS CELLS
Workbook/worksheet
Exams
1. Exfoliated Cheek (Squamous) Cells with Microscopic Observation Lab Activity
2. Stratified Squamous Epithelium with Microscopic Observation Lab Activity
Workbook Video and Exam
1. Squamous Cells
This workbook video (no audio) is a quick review of the two laboratory
activities, (1) - the Microscopic Observation of the Esophageal
Mucosa (with stratified squamous epithelium) and the (2) Observation
of Exfoliated Squamous Cells from the oral mucosa (exfoliated stratified squamous
epithelium). Test your knowledge by completing the interactive
exam.
ADDITIONAL LINKS - VIDEOS
1. Stratified Squamous Epithelium (from esophagus)
This link is to Shotgun Histology - the Best of YouTube: posted by WashingtonDeceit.
This video is an excellent overview of the histology of the esophagus.
You should pay special attention to the discussion of the stratified
squamous epithelium.
2. Virtual Microscope: Stratified Squamous Epithelium (from
esophagus)
Better than having your own high quality microscope,
this link is to the University of Michigan Medical
School's Medical Histology and Virtual Microscope Learning Resources
allows the observation of a variety of high quality tissue specimens. The insert at the top right
shows your view-location with respect to the specimen. Click on the "+"
to enlarge the image.
The stratified squamous epithelium is located at
the bottom of the image. What is the function of this epithelium?
Identify and know the functions of the basal and surface (apical)
regions of the epithelium. What does stratified mean? How
many strata would you guess are found in this tissue?
INTRODUCTION TO THE CELL
ADIPOSE TISSUE
Workbook
Exam
1. Adipose Tissue with Microscopic Observation Lab Activity
ADDITIONAL LINKS - VIDEOS
1. Adipose Tissue
This link is to Shotgun Histology - the Best of YouTube: posted by WashingtonDeceit.
This video is an excellent overview of adipose tissue. You should pay
special attention to the structure of the adipocytes.
2. Virtual Microscope: Adipose Tissue (from
mesentery)
Better than having your own high quality microscope, this link is
to the University of Michigan Medical School's Medical Histology and Virtual
Microscope Learning Resources allows the observation of a variety of high
quality tissue specimens. The insert at the top right shows your
view-location with respect to the specimen. Click on the "+" to enlarge the
image.
Adipose tissue is located throughout this specimen. What functions would
adipose tissue have in the mesentery, the folds of peritoneum that connects
intestines to dorsal abdominal wall? Identify the plasma membranes,
cytoplasm, lipid droplets, and nuclei.
INTRODUCTION TO THE CELL
BLOOD CELLS
Workbook
Exam
1. Blood Cells with Microscopic Observation Lab Activity
Workbook Videos and Exams
1. Blood Cells - Overview of Formed Elements:
Erythrocytes (RBCs), Leukocytes (WBCs), and Platelets.
This workbook video (no audio) is a quick review of the laboratory activity -
The Microscopic Observation of a Blood Smear (Wright's stain). Test
your knowledge by completing the interactive exam.
2.
Fresh Blood
This supplemental workbook video (no audio) is the observation of Fresh Blood.
This preparation uses an isotonic blood dilution with an anticoagulant and follows "Universal Body Fluid Precautions."
Test your knowledge by completing the interactive exam.
ADDITIONAL LINKS - VIDEOS
1. Observation
of Blood Smear (Peripheral Blood with Wright's Stain)
Best of YouTube: posted by WashingtonDeceit. This
video is an excellent review of the formed elements of a Blood Smear (Wright's
stain).
2. Virtual Microscope:
Blood Smear
Better than having your own high quality microscope, this link is
to the University of Michigan Medical School's Medical Histology and Virtual
Microscope Learning Resources allows the observation of a variety of high
quality tissue specimens. The insert at the top right shows your
view-location with respect to the specimen. Click on the "+" to enlarge the
image.
This blood smear is stained with a "differential
stain." The white blood cells (or leukocytes) will have a "blue" stained
nucleus. There are five major types of white blood cells (WBCs). Scan the
slide and identify several different WBCs. The red blood cells (erythrocytes)
will not have a dominate stain. Notice the central "clear area" of a
typical red blood cell (RBC) which is formed as a result of the loss of the
nucleus during development in the bone marrow.
INTRODUCTION TO THE CELL
SPERM
Workbook
Exams
1. Sperm with Microscopic Observation Lab Activity
Additional Links - Videos
1.
Sperm
This workbook video (no audio) is a quick review of the laboratory activity
- The Microscopic Observation of Sperm (human) Preparation.
Test your knowledge by completing the interactive exam.
2. Sperm under the Microscope at 400x
(Best of YouTube: Microscopic View of Living Sperm)
INTRODUCTION TO THE CELL
COLUMNAR CELLS
Workbook
Exams
1. Columnar Ciliated Cells and Goblet Cells with Microscopic Observation Lab Activity
Workbook VideoS & ExamS
1.
Ciliated Columnar Cells
This workbook video (no audio) is a quick review of the laboratory activity
- The Microscopic Observation of Columnar Ciliated Cells (Trachea).
Test your knowledge by completing the interactive exam.
2.
Cilia (Clam)
This supplemental workbook video (no audio) is the observation of beating
cilia found lining the gills of a clam. Test your knowledge by completing
the interactive exam.
ADDITIONAL LINKS - VIDEOS
1. Observation
of Trachea for Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
Best of YouTube: posted by WashingtonDeceit. This
video is an excellent review of the structure of the trachea. Pay special
attention to the description of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar
epithelium.
2. Virtual Microscope:
Trachea (and esophagus)
Better than having your own high quality microscope, this link is
to the University of Michigan Medical School's Medical Histology and Virtual
Microscope Learning Resources allows the observation of a variety of high
quality tissue specimens. The insert at the top right shows your
view-location with respect to the specimen. Click on the "+" to enlarge the
image.
Observe the trachea, which is located at the top of the image
(the esophagus is located at the lower portion of the image, notice the
stratified squamous epithelium). Observe the pseudostratified ciliated
columnar epithelium of the tracheal mucosa. What functions would
pseudostratified epithelium have in the trachea? Identify the columnar
cells, cilia, and goblet cells.
INTRODUCTION TO THE CELL
SMOOTH MUSCLE
Workbook
Exams
1. Smooth Muscle Cells with Microscopic Observation Lab Activity
Workbook Video & Exam
1.
Smooth Muscle
This workbook video (no audio) is a quick review of the laboratory activity
- The Microscopic Observation of Smooth Muscle (from small
intestine). Test your knowledge by completing the interactive
exam.
ADDITIONAL LINKS - VIDEOS
1. Observation
of Small Intestine for Smooth Muscle
Best of YouTube: posted by WashingtonDeceit. This
video is an excellent review of the structure of the small intestine (the distal
region called the ileum). Notice that the cells of the epithelium are columnar
cells but aren't ciliated. Are goblet cells present? Which layer of smooth
muscle, the circular or longitudinal, is located more superficially? Why
are two layers of muscle, each located in different planes, needed in the small
intestine?
2. Virtual Microscope:
Small Intestine
Better than having your own high quality microscope, this link is
to the University of Michigan Medical School's Medical Histology and Virtual
Microscope Learning Resources allows the observation of a variety of high
quality tissue specimens. The insert at the top right shows your
view-location with respect to the specimen. Click on the "+" to enlarge the
image.
This horizontal (cross-section) of the small intestine is a
excellent presentation that shows the two layers of smooth muscle used to propel
(peristalsis) and mix (segmentation) intestinal contents. The inner circular
layer shows the cells in their longitudinal plane (the cells are presented in
their long axis). Observe that the cells are spindle shaped (long and
tapered on each end - sort of like a pencil sharpened on each end). The
outer longitudinal layer shows the cells in their horizontal (transverse) plane.
The horizontal section shows each cell cut across its long axis - sort of like
viewing the end of a new pencil that has not been sharpened.
INTRODUCTION TO THE CELL
TERMINOLOGY
workbook
Terminology Exam
1.
Introduction to the Cell
Click on each term for a
link to www.thefreedictionary.com
for additional information, which in some cases includes pronunciation.
PLASMA MEMBRANE
Workbook
Exams
1. Plasma Membrane - Introduction
2. Plasma Membrane - Lipids
3. Plasma Membrane - Proteins
4. Plasma Membrane Junctions
5. Microvilli
workbook
Terminology Exam
1.
Plasma Membrane
Click on each term for a
link to www.thefreedictionary.com
for additional information, which in some cases includes pronunciation.
ADDITIONAL LINK - ANIMATION
1.
Animation of Structure of the Plasma Membrane
(Best of YouTube)
CYTOPLASM
Workbook
Exams
1. Cytoplasm
ORGANELLES
Workbook
Exams
1. Nucleus
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribosomes
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
5. Golgi Apparatus
6. Lysosomes
7. Peroxisomes
8. Centrosome and Centrioles
9. Cilia and Flagella
INCLUSIONS
Workbook
Exam
1. Inclusions
workbook
Terminology Exam
1.
Organelles and Inclusions
Click on each term for a
link to www.thefreedictionary.com
for additional information, which in some cases includes pronunciation.